Red brick University

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Red brick (or “redbrick”) is a term used to refer to the six civic British universities founded in the major industrial cities of England that achieved university status before World War I.
All of them have origins in the Victorian era, if not slightly earlier, and all were originally established as science and/or engineering institutions.
While the term ‘red brick’ was initially coined because they were new and thus seen by the old universities as ‘arriviste’, the description has since ceased to be derogatory with the proliferation of New Universities and the reclassification of the former polytechnics as universities.
Each of the six red bricks are members of the prestigious Russell Group of universities.

The six ‘Red brick’ universities

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The six ‘Red brick’ universities are:
* University of Birmingham; royal charter granted in 1900.
* University of Liverpool; royal charter granted in 1903.
* University of Leeds; royal charter granted in 1904.
* University of Sheffield; royal charter granted in 1905.
* University of Bristol; royal charter granted in 1909.
* University of Manchester; formed in 2004 with the merger of Victoria University (1880) and UMIST (1956).

Other Universities known as ‘Red Brick’

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Various other institutions with origins dating from the 19th and early 20th centuries, which later achieved university status prior to 1963, are loosely described as red brick. These may negate the architectural and pre-World War definition but are no less ‘civic’. This designation includes institutions such as:
* University of Exeter (originally an extension college of the University of London);
* University of Hull;
* University of Leicester;
* Newcastle University (originally two extension colleges of the University of Durham)
* University of Nottingham;
* University of Reading (originally an extension college of Christ Church of the University of Oxford in 1892)
* University of Southampton

Campus University

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A campus university is a British term for a University situated on one site, with student accommodation, teaching and research facilities, and leisure activities all together.

It is derived from the Latin term campus, meaning “a flat expanse of land, plain, field”. The founding of these new institutions initiated a wave of far reaching expansion in Higher Education within the UK and helped open access to Higher Education to students who found access to the more traditional universities difficult or closed.

The classic Campus University is often found on the edge of cities, such as the University of Sussex which is a few miles from the city of Brighton, the University of East Anglia which is just on the edge of the city of Norwich, the University of Kent which is just on the edge of the city of Canterbury, the University of Essex near Colchester, the University of Warwick near Coventry or Keele University near Newcastle-under-Lyme, Staffordshire.